ABSTRACT
Disinformation in the online world has been recently spreading across the world, especially in relation to major global issues (the COVID-19 pandemic, migration, vaccination, elections, etc.) The recent COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by disinformation, affecting the lives of millions across the world. In this text, we are trying to describe which COVID-19 related disinformation have spread intensively within the Czech Republic in the Czech language, what they are focused on and which ones are most frequently encountered among the population. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Libri: International Journal of Libraries & Information Services is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
The irruption of COVID-19 has had different consequences on mental health in the youth population. Specifically, the sector made up of university students has suffered an abrupt change of teaching modality because of the pandemic. As such, this paper aims to analyze the impact that COVID-19 has had on different personal factors of students: (i) satisfaction with life; (ii) lived uncertainty; (iii) depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as factors related to academic development; (iv) motivation and the creation of teaching and learning strategies during this period; and (v) the perception of the degree of adaptability to the new scenario brought about by the university system. For this purpose, a cross-sectional quantitative design was advocated through the elaboration of an SEM model, which included 1873 university students from Andalusian Universities (Spain). The results reflected the strong negative impact that the pandemic had, especially on the levels of life satisfaction and the indices of depression, anxiety, and stress of the students. Likewise, the findings reflected the relevance of the correct adaptability on the part of the university to these new circumstances. It is necessary for university institutions to focus their efforts on quality attention to students, in order to establish fluid communication with them and to adapt to their academic and personal needs.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Adolescent , Anxiety/epidemiology , Anxiety/psychology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depression/epidemiology , Depression/psychology , Humans , Stress, Psychological/epidemiology , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Students/psychology , UniversitiesABSTRACT
El ámbito académico se ha visto especialmente afectado por la Covid-19 debido a las limitaciones de movilidad y distanciamiento social por el aumento de contagios durante las diversas olas sucedidas en España, lo cual ha provocado la digitalización de la enseñanza en la mayoría de universidades españolas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la influencia de la Covid-19 en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes universitarios de Andalucía, y como se han visto influenciadas las variables psicosociales (miedo a la Covid-19, satisfacción con la vida, estrés, incertidumbre), de aprendizaje (estrategias de aprendizaje, motivación, tiempo y hábitos de estudio, condiciones facilitadoras, autorregulación) y los factores sociodemográficos (sexo, edad, curso, domicilio, beca, futuro laboral, movilidad, abandono). Para ello, se aplicó un diseño de estudio transversal a partir de la distribución de una encuesta en línea. En el estudio participaron un total de 1873 estudiantes universitarios, con edades comprendidas entre los 17 y 59 años (M = 22,42;DT = 4,45). Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que: 1) la pandemia ha afectado de forma distinta a los estudiantes según el estrato de población a la que pertenecían;2) ha habido un aumento en los niveles de estrés e incertidumbre que afecta a la salud mental de los estudiantes;3) el abandono académico es un factor que ha estado y está presente durante la incidencia de la pandemia;4) el aprendizaje se ha visto afectado por la pandemia debido al miedo e incertidumbre que ha incidido de forma significativa en la motivación y autorregulación de los estudiantes. Finalmente, se discuten las futuras líneas de investigación de este trabajo, destacando la riqueza de los datos obtenidos para avanzar en el conocimiento sobre el impacto de la Covid-19 en el aprendizaje universitario.Alternate :The academic sphere has been particularly affected by Covid-19 due to the limitations of mobility and social distancing facilitated by the increase in contagions during the various waves that have occurred in Spain, which has led to the digitalisation of teaching in most Spanish universities. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of Covid-19 on the learning of university students in Andalusia, and how psychosocial (fear of Covid-19, life satisfaction, stress, uncertainty), learning (learning strategies, motivation, study time and habits, facilitating conditions, self-regulation) and socio-demographic factors (gender, age, course, address, scholarship, future employment, mobility, dropout) have been influenced. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study design was applied based on the distribution of an online survey. A total of 1873 university students, aged between 17 and 59 years (M = 22.42, SD = 4.45) participated in the study. The results revealed that: 1) the pandemic has affected students differently depending on the population strata to which they belong;2) there has been an increase in the levels of stress and uncertainty affecting students' mental health;3) academic dropout is a factor that has been and is present during the incidence of the pandemic;4) learning has been affected by the pandemic due to fear and uncertainty which has had a significant impact on students' motivation and self-regulation. Finally, the future lines of research of this work are discussed, highlighting the richness of the data obtained to advance knowledge on the impact of Covid-19 on university learning.
ABSTRACT
Sexting is a common practice among young adults that consists of sending material with sexual content to other people. During the COVID-19 pandemic containment situation, the main means of exploring sexuality have been through digital devices. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the practice of sexting before and during confinement due to COVID-19 amongst Spanish university students. A longitudinal design was adopted from the application of an online survey based on three standardized and internationally used instruments on a sample of university students (n = 499) before and during confinement. The results indicated that the practice of sexting was slightly higher during confinement. At the same time, the use of dating applications was a conditioning factor in sexting. Furthermore, it was noted that sexting had a significant influence on college students' levels of self-control, depression, anxiety, and stress during confinement. Finally, the main conclusions of this study are discussed where the situation of confinement has had an impact on the lives of students and their habits of digital consumption and expression of sexuality.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: More than 180 million people have been infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and more than 4 million coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients have died in 1.5 years of the pandemic. A novel therapeutic vaccine (NASVAC) has shown to be safe and to have immunomodulating and antiviral properties against chronic hepatitis B (CHB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A phase I/II, open-label controlled and randomized clinical trial of NASVAC as a postexposure prophylaxis treatment was designed with the primary aim of assessing the local and systemic immunomodulatory effect of NASVAC in a cohort of suspected and SARS-CoV-2 risk-contact patients. A total of 46 patients, of both sexes, 60 years or older, presenting with symptoms of COVID-19 were enrolled in the study. Patients received NASVAC (100 µg per Ag per dose) via intranasal at days 1, 7, and 14 and sublingual, daily for 14 days. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The present study detected an increased expression of toll-like receptors (TLR)-related genes in nasopharyngeal tonsils, a relevant property considering these are surrogate markers of SARS protection in the mice model of lethal infection. The HLA-class II increased their expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cell's (PBMC's) monocytes and lymphocytes, which is an attractive property taking into account the functional impairment of innate immune cells from the periphery of COVID-19-infected subjects. NASVAC was safe and well tolerated by the patients with acute respiratory infections and evidenced a preliminary reduction in the number of days with symptoms that needs to be confirmed in larger studies. CONCLUSIONS: Our data justify the use of NASVAC as preemptive therapy or pre-/postexposure prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 and acute respiratory infections in general. The use of NASVAC or their active principles has potential as immunomodulatory prophylactic therapies in other antiviral settings like dengue as well as in malignancies like hepatocellular carcinoma where these markers have shown relation to disease progression. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Fleites YA, Aguiar J, Cinza Z, et al. HeberNasvac, a Therapeutic Vaccine for Chronic Hepatitis B, Stimulates Local and Systemic Markers of Innate Immunity: Potential Use in SARS-CoV-2 Postexposure Prophylaxis. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2021;11(2):59-70.
ABSTRACT
Mobile learning is a methodology that involves the use of mobile devices to carry out the teaching-learning process. In exceptional situations such as that experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, virtual training methods take on great importance, being the main route for the education of students. The purposes of this paper were to analyse the degree of implementation of the mobile learning methodology in Spanish universities and to check the sociodemographic factors that influence the development of good teaching practices in mobile learning. Ten hypothetical relationships were established and contrasted using a structural equation model. The sample was made up of 1544 university professors from 59 Spanish universities who were asked to complete a questionnaire designed to evaluate mobile learning practices. The results indicated that the degree of implementation of mobile devices was almost 73% of the population surveyed. While the sociodemographic factors that significantly influenced the development of good teaching practices were: teacher status; type of institution; educational technology research; implementing pedagogical innovations on a regular basis; agree that mobile devices are appropriate; belief in the expansion of mobile learning. Finally, the main findings and practical implications derived from the data obtained were discussed.
ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) appeared in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, causing COVID-19 disease which are cases of SARS-like atypical pneumonia. As of December 1, 2020, México had reached 1.1 million cases of COVID-19 and 106 thousand deaths;about 63.6 million cases and 1.47 million deaths are reported worldwide with new cases and increasing mortality every day. To date there is no specific commercial treatment to control the infection. Repurpose drugs targeting the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor represents an alternative strategy to block the binding of SARS-COV-2 protein S and forestall virus adhesion, internalization and replication in the host cell. Rigid molecular docking was performed using RBD S1 - ACE2 (PDB: 6WV1) interaction site and 1,300 FDA approved and prescripted drugs by the Mexican Public Health System. The results were analyzed by docking score, frequency of the drug at receptor site and the types of interactions in the binding site residues. Within the top-ranked drugs identified as a potentials inhibitor of RBD S1 - ACE2 interaction we found pitavastatin, cholecalciferol, pargeverine, ipratropium, formoterol and fexofenadine, were the vast majority stands out as they are used as therapies to treat COPD, asthma and virtually any respiratory infection. Our results will serve as the basis for in vitro and in vivo studies to evaluate the potential use of these drugs to generate affordable an easily accessible therapies to treat COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a systemic multi-organ viral illness. Previous studies have found that many patients had a procoagulant state and/or severe hypoxemia with relatively well-preserved lung mechanics. Mechanisms underlying the damage to vascular tissues are not well-elucidated yet. Histological data in COVID-19 patients are still limited and are mainly focused on post-mortem analysis. Given that the skin is affected by COVID-19 and the relative ease of its histological examination, we aimed to examine the histology of skin lesions in COVID-19 patients to better understand the disease's pathology. METHODS: Five skin lesions from COVID-19 adult patients were selected for a deep histological tissue examination. RESULTS: A strong vasculopathic reaction pattern based on prominent vascular endothelial and myointimal cell growth was identified. Endothelial cell distortion generated vascular lumen obliteration and striking erythrocyte and serum extravasation. Significant deposition of C4d and C3 throughout the vascular cell wall was also identified. A regenerative epidermal hyperplasia with tissue structure preservation was also observed. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 could comprise an obliterative microangiopathy consisting on endothelial and myointimal growth with complement activation. This mechanism, together with the increased vascular permeability identified, could contribute to obliteration of the vascular lumen and hemorrhage in COVID-19. Thus, anticoagulation by itself could not completely reverse vascular lumen obliteration, with consequent increased risk of hemorrhage. Findings of this study could contribute to a better understanding of physiopathological mechanisms underlying COVID-19 on living patients and could help further studies find potential targets for specific therapeutic interventions in severe cases.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/complications , Endothelial Cells/pathology , Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology , Skin Diseases/pathology , Vascular Diseases/pathology , Aged , Blood Vessels/pathology , CD3 Complex/metabolism , CD4 Antigens/metabolism , Endothelium/metabolism , Endothelium/pathology , Humans , Hyperplasia/pathology , Hyperplasia/virology , SARS-CoV-2 , Skin/blood supply , Skin Diseases/virology , Vascular Diseases/virologyABSTRACT
<p>Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology in the field of education, which has not yet been consolidated. Acceptance and adoption studies of IoT in higher education are scarce. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to explore the acceptance of the IoT by university professors for future adoption in higher education. An online survey was implemented based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), in a sample of 587 Spanish university teachers, aged between 21 and 58. The results showed that performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, and attitude toward using technology were influential in behavioral intention to use IoT. While the intention for use was similar between men and women and with respect to age. However, in the different constructs of the UTAUT model, the highest average scores were obtained in men and in teachers over 36 years of age. Finally, the findings and implications of the paper are discussed, showing empirical evidence on the adoption and acceptance of IoT in higher education in the context of Spain, highlighting the need for further research on emerging technologies in a context that is marked by COVID-19.</p>